Nursing Care for Mental Health of Fostering Research
Question:
Discuss about the Nursing Care for Mental Health of Fostering Research.
Answer:
1.
The UN principle of treatment for protection of persons with mental illness states that every patient will have the right to be treated in the least restrictive environment and treatment plan will be based on informed consent taken from patients. This principle will affect the health care provision of a person suffering from mental illness because often mentally ill patients are not informed about the treatment process, and they are given a restrictive environment which further put them at risk. Implementation of ethical means of treatment and respecting patient’s autonomy will help prevent patients vulnerability to harm and improve health outcome in patients (Callaghan & Ryan, 2012).
2.
The priority themes of the Australian Mental Health Plan (2003-2008) are as follows:
Fostering research, innovation and sustainability in mental health service and care.
Strengthening the quality of mental health services.
Promoting mental health in people and preventing issues related mental health problems.
Improving services responsiveness to address any problem in the delivery of care for mental health (Hickie et al., 2014).
3.
Abraham Maslow proposed three categories of human needs which are as follows:
Basic needs- It means physiological needs like food, housing, water, warmth, rest and safety needs of people like security and safety. A person first satisfies this basic need before moving to higher level of growth needs.
Psychological needs- It involves the human need for belongingness and love through friends, family members and intimate relationship. Then people look for esteem needs that give a feeling of accomplishments such as growth in career and employment.
Self-fulfillment needs- The other higher level of needs of a human are related to self-actualization needs meaning achieving one’s full potential career wise, family wise and relationship wise (Healy, 2016).
4.
The nature versus nurture is an ongoing debate that determines whether human culture, behaviour and personality are influenced by nature or nurture. Nature relates human behaviours influenced by genetical characteristics while nurture means human activities influenced by environment and experience that people face. The modern debate is on the impact of genes on human personalities in contrast to the control that environment have on people. Some psychologist believed that human personality is shaped by their experience and training in their environment or culture. But with the discovery of new genes, evolutionary psychologist tried to demonstrate the evolutionary and genetic roots of human behaviour. But whatever may be the cause; people still emphasize the role of environment and child’s culture on shaping their personality (Coll et al., 2014).
5.
In this situation, a patient is trying to make personal contact with a nurse because he feels that he understood his mood and emotions properly. So he has developed an emotional bonding and rapport with the nurse or psychotherapist. He wants to continue being friends even after discharge. Here this situation is related to transference as the situation depicts redirection of feelings and desire to another person (Stolorow, 2014). Here the client is overly compliant to the nurse. The countertransference in this situation will be determined by the kind of action the nurse or psychotherapist will take regarding feeling towards the client.
I would manage this situation by telling the client that I appreciate the fact that you recognised my effort, and we can still maintain a good relationship even after discharge. Once can tell the client they would help him and they can come to their clinic whenever required. A health professional has to maintain some professional boundary with clients, and they cannot cross that limit. Limited countertransference is good, but over the counter, transference should be avoided to prevent violation of professional boundaries (Cooper et al., 2013).
6.
Delirium is a condition that results in confusion and disruption in thinking and behaviour. The level of perception, thinking, mood and activity of individual changes. Dementia is a condition that is associated with a decline in memory and thinking skills. The symptoms of both the disease are similar, and it is difficult to differentiate between the two diseases. In relation to the timeframe of onset of changes, changes in memory and intellect in dementia occurs very slowly over a month or a year. But in the case of delirium, abrupt change leading to confusion occurs over few days or weeks (Landreville et al., 2013).
Two possible cause of delirium in elderly are:
The presence of some type of illness likes dementia and exposure to environmental triggers.
Reference
Callaghan, S., & Ryan, C. J. (2012). Rising to the human rights challenge in compulsory treatment–new approaches to mental health law in Australia.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 46(7), 611-620.
Coll, C. G., Bearer, E. L., & Lerner, R. M. (Eds.). (2014). Nature and nurture: The complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences on human behavior and development. Psychology Press.
Cooper, I., Delany, C., Dwyer, G., Godbold, R., Johnston, V., Shirley, D., & Jenkins, S. (2013). Targeted education on the topic of professional boundaries does not change student physiotherapists’ opinions or their responses to a series of ethical scenarios. Physical Therapy Reviews, 18(6), 431-438.
Healy, K. (2016). A Theory of Human Motivation by Abraham H. Maslow–reflection. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(4), 313-313.
Hickie, I. B., McGorry, P. D., Davenport, T. A., Rosenberg, S. P., Mendoza, J. A., Burns, J. M., … & Christensen, H. (2014). Getting mental health reform back on track: a leadership challenge for the new Australian Government. Med J Aust, 200(8), 445-448.
Inouye, S. K., Westendorp, R. G., & Saczynski, J. S. (2014). Delirium in elderly people. The Lancet, 383(9920), 911-922.
Landreville, P., Voyer, P., & Carmichael, P. H. (2013). Relationship between delirium and behavioral symptoms of dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(04), 635-643.
Stolorow, R. D. (2014). Self psychology—A structural psychology.Reflections on Self Psychology (Psychology Revivals), 287.
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